LA Wildfires and Smoke Exposure: Making Sure Your Health Is Protected

The horrific wildfires in Los Angeles, driven by unusually fierce Santa Ana winds, have destroyed more than 12,300 structures, including thousands of homes. The two largest fires alone burned nearly 38,000 acres (the Palisades at 23,713 acres and the Eaton at 14,117, per Watch Duty). While the impact has been greatest for those directly in harm’s way, residents throughout Southern California have been exposed, to a greater or lesser degree depending on their location, to the smoke from both these major fires and smaller blazes that also ignited during the extended red flag wind conditions.

In the immediate period after the fires broke out, fire-related hospital visits grew 16-fold in Los Angeles County, according to the Los Angeles Times. Now that the smoke has thinned, officials are still warning residents to be wary of the air quality, noting that ash particles stirred by the wind may be too large for air quality instruments to measure. In addition, air quality indexes do not capture the presence of toxic particles like asbestos and lead, which can be released from burning materials in man-made structures. While smoke inhalation is most dangerous for vulnerable individuals like the very young and the very old, nearly everyone can experience negative health effects from exposure. Here’s what to know about the risks and how you can secure access to health care to get treatment.

Health Impacts of Toxic Wildfire Smoke

Wildfire smoke contains a mix of fine particles, which can penetrate into the lungs, and gases. Exposure, especially extended exposure, can have significant health effects, especially for those with preexisting conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pregnant individuals, children, and the elderly. Common health effects include:

• Coughing and wheezing
• Exacerbation of existing conditions like asthmas, bronchitis, or COPD
• Irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat
• Headaches, dizziness, and fatigue
• Increased risk of heart attacks, arrhythmias, or strokes

The long-term health effects of wildfire smoke exposure are not well understood, but it can reduce lung function and increase the risk of cancers associated with toxins found in smoke. Researchers believe that the intensity, duration, and frequency of smoke exposure can influence the likelihood of developing long-term issues.

Depending on atmospheric conditions, wildfire smoke can travel hundreds of thousands of miles from its point of origin. The most severe effects occur locally (within 50 miles) where toxins and fine particulate matter are most highly concentrated. However, smoke plumes can still cause moderate to severe air quality issues hundreds of miles away.

How to Protect Yourself from Smoke Exposure

In the immediate aftermath of the fires, especially near burn areas where winds may be propelling ash into the air, it is best to stay indoors when possible, with the windows closed. Running air purifiers can help remove any contaminants present. When outdoors, wear an N95 mask to filter out fine particles that could be inhaled. Monitor air quality in your area using sites like AirNow.gov (keeping in mind that their readings might not tell the whole story). Most importantly, if you experience worsening symptoms consistent with smoke exposure, seek medical attention immediately.

Securing Health Coverage After the Fires

Unfortunately, many may experience disruptions that impact their current healthcare arrangements because of the fires. For those who purchase health insurance individually, the Covered California open enrollment period is normally open through January 31, providing an opportunity to switch to a new plan if necessary. The state of emergency declared in Los Angeles and Ventura counties means residents there can qualify for a Special Enrollment Period (SEP) that runs through March 8, 2025.

Those with employer-provided coverage and who are out of their open enrollment period may still have an opportunity to change coverage if they have experienced a Qualifying Life Event (QLE) due to the fires. These can include having to permanently relocate into a new area where their previous health plan is not available, a spouse losing employer-provided insurance as a result of job loss, or gaining dependents. It is essential to act quickly if this is the case—typically, you have only 60 days from the date of the QLE to make a change.

Someone who has experienced a substantial loss in income, either through job loss or a reduction in hours, may qualify to apply for Medi-Cal or be eligible to receive subsidies through Covered California. Community health resources such as free clinics may also be available for immediate treatment.

Expert Help Now for Health Insurance Enrollment in Southern California

If you have been impacted by the wildfire smoke in Southern California and need help understanding your options for either securing or changing your health insurance coverage, Medical Insurance Today can help. We cut through the confusing jargon with clear explanations in English or Spanish to help you find the plan that is right for you. Our agents work to ensure that you get all the financial assistance you’re qualified for. Gain the comfort of knowing you and your family will be able to get medical care when you need it. Contact us here now to get started.